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solar microscope fashioned from screw-barrel simple microscope
solar microscope fashioned from screw-barrel simple microscope

solar microscope fashioned from screw-barrel simple microscope

Datecirca 1745
Inventory Number1169a
ClassificationMicroscope
Subject
    Maker Edward Bromfield 1723 - 1746
    Cultural Region
      Place of Use
        Dimensionsinstrument: 49 × 15 × 15.2 cm (19 5/16 × 5 7/8 × 6 in.)
        box: 20 × 29.5 × 22 cm (7 7/8 × 11 5/8 × 8 11/16 in.)
        box: 4.3 × 21 × 12.2 cm (1 11/16 × 8 1/4 × 4 13/16 in.)
        Material
          Accessoriesstorage box (1169b); accessories box (1169c)
          DescriptionSmall brass solar microscope (1169a) is formed by a bricolage of a a Wilson screw-barrel microscope that is threaded onto a brass tube assembly that is fitted into a mahogany square panel. The tube assembly is brass, consisting of an eyepiece-shaped tube that slides onto a collar attached to a "tailpiece" of a brass draw tube going into a longer tube. The end of the tube has a condensing lens crudely held in a brass cell by rolled-over edges. (These may be telescope parts.)

          The rectangular mirror outside of the panel is held in a wooden frame with iron screws and nails. The glass is broken and the silvering is corroded. Brass plates attached to the mirror frame allow it be adjustable. It can be tilted by means of a push rod attached to a long threaded steel screw with a winged brass head, and rotated by means of planetary gearing attached to another screw topped by a plain knob. Both screws are turned from the inside of the panel. The panel has two holes at diametrical corners for attaching it to a window shutter's opening

          This microscope has a small flat case of accessories (1169c) and a storage box (1169b).

          Signedunsigned
          ProvenanceEdward Bromfield, Boston, MA, c. 1745; Ernst-Lewis Collection of Microscopes, Harvard Medical School.
          Historical AttributesThis application of an English screw-barrel microscope to telescope draw tubes in order to fashion a solar microscope was the idea of the Edward Bromfield (A.M. Harvard, 1742). This microscope is said to be the first made in colonial America. Despite it being cobbled together, Sibley's Harvard Graduates says that young Bromfield was a skilled instrument maker, and that working drawings for the instrument are at the Harvard Medical School.
          box compound microscope
          Claude Paris
          Date: 1745-1750
          Accessories: 4 objectives in wooden mounts; 2 pin wrenches; stage forceps; 4 wood slides with two specimens each.
          Object number: 1183
          Zeiss stand I laboratory compound microscope
          Carl Zeiss, Optische Werkstätte, Jena
          Date: circa 1886
          Accessories: oculars (2): Leitz 4xB, Winkel Zeiss kl 2; objectives (4): Leitz 7, 1/7a oil immersion, Zeiss B, HI 90 iris, B&L 8mm, 1/5, Grunow 1/6; B&L double nosepiece; parabolic reflector for stage; Abbe condensor with iris-cylinder diaphragm; articulated substage mirror; frame for cup diaphragms; cup diaphragms (2); Zeiss-B&L polarizing analyzer A6; Zeiss-B&L vertical illuminator; flat case; key.
          Object number: 1044
          Jones's most improved and solar compound microscope
          W. & S. Jones
          Date: circa 1798
          Accessories: See original index card.
          Object number: 1184
          1-foot Gregorian reflecting telescope
          Claude Paris
          Date: 1735-1745
          Object number: DW0978
          Chevalier medium horizontal universal achromatic compound microscope
          Charles-Louis Chevalier
          Date: circa 1840
          Accessories: 2 convertible objectives: 1, 2, 3 and 0,00,000; 2 oculars; simple magnifiers: 3 and 5, with support bracket; extension pillar; bull's eye stage condenser on jointed arm; forceps; 3 prepared slides; box of cover glasses; 1/100 mm stage micrometer; camera lucida; tall bell jar; padlock on chain; case with key; table of magnifications
          Object number: 1079
          pocket aquatic and screw-barrel simple microscopes
          Peter & John Dollond
          Date: circa 1768
          Accessories: Aquatic and Wilson attachments; 2 lenses to fit either ; 2 silverplated Lieberkuhns with lenses ; stage forceps ; tweezers ; 3 bone slides ; 1 brass framed glass slide for Wilson
          Object number: 1007
          Nachet pocket box compound microscope
          Nachet et Fils (I)
          Date: 1862-1872
          Accessories: 3 Objectives; 2 oculars; substage mirror with mounting screw lost; 1 prepared slide
          Object number: 1030
          camera obscura used to store solar microscope
          Edward Bromfield
          Date: circa 1745
          Object number: 1169b
          Nachet large compound microscope
          Camille Sébastien Nachet
          Date: 1856-1862
          Accessories: oculars (2): 2 , 3; objectives (6) in fitted box (1029b): 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, along with substage condenser and oblique Nachet prism condenser; cup diaphram; flat case with parts box (1029c) holding diffuser, camera lucida; stage micrometer; ocular micrometer; wet specimen trough, 4 slides in red leather box (1029d); bull's eye condenser.
          Object number: 1029a
          Nachet large compound microscope
          Nachet et Fils (I)
          Date: 1862
          Accessories: 6 objectives in box (1157b) with 1 substage condenser; oblique prism condenser; 3 oculars; 1 cup diaphragm, 1 diffuser, ; camera lucida; stage and eyepiece micrometers; liquid trough; 3 dissecting knives; prepared slides in box (1157d); plain slides; cover glasses; bull's eye on jointed arm(1157e); Amici's illuminator prism with stand (1157f); compressorium (1157g); case with parts box (1157c).
          Object number: 1157a
          Zeiss stand Ic photomicrographic compound microscope
          Carl Zeiss, Optische Werkstätte, Jena
          Date: circa 1902
          Accessories: oculars (5); objectives (5); microplanar objectives (2); iris diaphragm; abbe condenser; collars and sleeves for photography; parts box; Leitz object micrometer (1308b); cardioid condenser (1308d); immersion oil bottle (1308c) ; Leitz erecting prism (1308e); standing case with key
          Object number: 1308a
          drum compound microscope
          Georges Oberhaeuser
          Date: circa 1845
          Accessories: objectives (3): 7 and 4 on nosepieces, unnumbered one detached; oculars (2); bull's eye condenser; live box; glass slides (4); case; key.
          Object number: 1384